The book contains a systematic presentation of the problems of recent science - relativistic astrophysics. One of the most pressing questions of space physics is the question of the structure of the universe as a whole, its evolution in the past, its future; the question of physical processes in the early stages of the expansion of the surrounding world, about the processes that led to the formation of galaxies and stars. Recent astronomical discoveries provide a reliable observational basis for the development of these questions, which constitute the so-called cosmological problem.