The manual reveals the main directions of valeology as a science that reflects general biological, evolutionary and social ideas about health. Factors contributing to the improvement and deterioration of health are considered, the basic principles of the formation, development and preservation of health. It sets out the methodology for the functioning of Health Centers, implementing the tasks of accessibility of conditions, means and methods for monitoring the quality and level of health by an individual. Intended for students of the Faculty of Biology, and can also be useful to teachers, psychologists and other specialists interested in the problems of individual health and a healthy lifestyle.