The author of this book sought to reflect some important fragments of the history of Russian geological science at the beginning and middle of the 18th century. The development of geological knowledge and exploration in Russia for the period that began with the reforms of Peter I and preceded the works on geology of the great Russian scientist M.V. Lomonosov is still poorly covered in the literature. Therefore, the main points of the development of mining and mining operations for silver were restored, which, due to the specifics of this metal as raw materials for coins, were reflected in a variety of documents that have survived to this day.