The monograph examines the process of involving the North Caucasus in the course of capitalist development, the emergence of a local detachment of the working class and the formation of social democratic organizations, as well as the revolutionary events that led to the establishment of Soviet power in the region, and the subsequent process of building the foundations of socialist economy. Revolutionary events developing in the region, unrest in the army units are considered as an integral part of the single revolutionary process taking place in Russia.