The monograph is devoted to a topic little researched in domestic anticology: the idea of ​ ​ the harmonic development of a citizen and its reflection in ancient Greek poetry, historiography, philosophical prose. The problem is considered against the background of a comparative analysis of Hellenic mythology, Homeric epic, works of Archilochus, Tirtheus, Theognides, Xenophanes, Simonides of Keos, Bacchylides and other ancient Greek poets of the classical period.