The tutorial describes the basic principles of technical thermodynamics and heat exchange, which are used in the study of thermal processes in the production of building materials and products. Features of heat generation and use in industrial furnaces are considered. Methods of calculation of thermal operation of furnaces and heat exchangers are given. The basis of design and calculation of energy-efficient lining of glass-melting furnaces are given. Examples of solution of applied problems reflecting various aspects of thermal operation of furnaces are given.