The book examines one of the fascinating and undeveloped problems of science - unrealized scenarios for the development of human society, when modeling the "unprecedented" in the history of world civilization makes it possible to reveal the dark places of history, reveal the multivariable and non-linear nature of history, and develop approaches to managing the "course" of history. This problem is now of particular relevance also because the future of world civilization is unpredictable, that faith in historical progress has dropped sharply, and a fan of historical alternatives is revealed to all of humanity.