The paper describes the pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis, risk factors, including thrombophilia, PE and venous thrombosis. The possibilities of modern therapy are presented in detail, frequent complications and features of laboratory control over the treatment with anti-thrombotic drugs are considered. The possibilities of therapy and prevention of thrombosis and thromboembolism in children and pregnant women are highlighted. Particular attention is paid to the prevention of PE and venous thrombosis. For cardiologists, surgeons, gynecologists, therapists, laboratory doctors, senior students, interns and residents.