The first ethnographic study in Soviet literature of the traditional material culture of the Kurdish people, compactly settled in several countries of the Middle East. Comparative parallels are drawn between the traditional culture of the Kurds of these countries and the traditional culture of the Kurds of Transcaucasia. The problem of traditional-cultural community is considered on extensive field and museum material, as well as according to archives and literary sources. In the holistic ethnocultural model, local features of the two main geographical areas of their distribution are revealed - Caucasian-Anatolian and Front Asian.