Making processing information more energy-efficient would save money, reduce energy use, and permit batteries that provide power in mobile devices to run longer or be smaller. New approaches to lower energy requirements in computing, communication, and sensing need to be investigated. This book addresses this need in multiple application areas and serves as a guide into emerging circuit technologies. Revolutionary device concepts, sensors, and associated circuits and architectures that will greatly extend the practical engineering limits of energy-efficient computation are being investigated. Disruptive new system architectures, circuit microarchitectures, and attendant device and interconnect technology aimed at achieving the highest level of computational energy efficiency for general-purpose computing systems need to be developed. This book provides chapters dedicated to such efforts from the device to thecircuit to the system level.