Methods of development of optimal algorithms of control computer systems used in complex systems of automated control and monitoring are considered. The criteria for effective implementation of algorithms at HC, the theory of optimization of algorithms when listing their efficiency parameters in the form of tuples and matrices, as well as the basis for dispatching algorithms are presented. The principles of construction of high-performance HC with one computer and multiple input information flows, with one information flow and multiple computers and with multiple input flows and multiple computers are described.