In the nationwide struggle against Nazi Germany, Hitler's plans for the economic robbery of the temporarily occupied territories of the USSR were thwarted. The book details the measures of the Communist Party and the Soviet government to evacuate people and material values ​ ​ from the areas threatened by the occupation, shows various forms of struggle of Soviet people behind enemy lines. In the second edition (1st ed. - 1970) the authors used new documents and materials from the German archives. The book is intended for economists and historians - scientists, teachers, graduate students.