The monograph is devoted to the main stages in the development of philosophical anthropology. The author reveals theoretical demarcations between classical and non-classical anthropology. At the same time, he shows that Nietzsche represents a special stage in the philosophical comprehension of man. Associated with it is a radical turn in the formation of a non-classical paradigm. A special role is assigned in the monograph to large representatives of traditional anthropology - Aristotle, Kant, Hegel. New problems of non-classical anthropology are analyzed.