The topic of human losses during the Great Patriotic War is still one of the most pressing, and at the same time controversial topics. The proposed book critically analyzes the existing estimates of the losses of the Red Army and the Wehrmacht, obtained using various calculation methods: by list and roll-call accounting of losses, by the balance sheets of the armed forces and the population of the country. The generalization of domestic and foreign research allowed V.V. Litvinenko to form estimates of the human losses of the Red Army and the Wehrmacht on the Soviet-German front, which refute the widespread opinion about the "excessive cost of war."