This book presents a comprehensive discussion of the recent advances in Industry 4.0, manufacturing processes, and intelligent techniques. It will serve as an ideal reference text for graduate students and academic researchers in the fields of manufacturing engineering, industrial engineering, mechanical engineering, and production engineering. This text introduces Industry 4.0, its evolution, and essential pillars of Industry 4.0 including calibration, metrology, quality control, robotics, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the Internet of Things (IoT). It comprehensively covers important topics including the cold spray technique for additive manufacturing, tool condition monitoring, robotic manipulators, metrology, quality control, and the Internet of Things in Industry 4.0. The fourth industrial revolution is Industry 4.0, also called smart manufacturing and Internet of Things (IoT). It describes the continuous improvement towards automation, interconnectivity, Machine Learning, and better control over the production process. This book discusses various aspects of Industry 4.0 including the basic principles, framework, components, advantages, challenges, implementation methodology, and future aspects of this industrial revolution. The most important components of Industry 4.0 such as sensors and actuators for the smart machines, Machine Learning (ML), image processing, blockchain, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data, reconfigurable components, additive manufacturing, and condition monitoring are discussed in this book.