The scientific feat of Copernicus, who dared to rebel against the time-honored "Almagest" Ptolemy, cannot but cause admiration. Realizing in his brilliant insight in his youth that the true movements of the planets are different from the visible ones and that the visible movements are the result of the superposition of the movement of the Earth in space and the true movements of the planets, Copernicus devoted his whole life to substantiating his heliocentric system. About the theory of Copernicus and Copernicus - a scientist, a person, a citizen. With numerous illustrations, documents, diagrams.