Biological features, agronomic and economic advantages of soybeans are considered, which predetermine the interest of agricultural producers in this crop. Morphology, biology, features of mineral nutrition and functioning of a symbiotic apparatus of a legume plant depending on environmental conditions are described. The features of the main elements of soybean growing agricultural technology are summarized, the basics of the soybean fertilization system are outlined taking into account the criteria for soil and plant diagnostics of mineral nutrition, the main diseases, soybean pests and weeds on soybean crops are described, the main problems that have yet to be solved are highlighted.