The collection of documents and materials includes documents of military, diplomatic and intelligence departments from the archives of the USA, Great Britain and France, containing an analysis of the role of the USSR in World War II and the state of Soviet society at that time. They are complemented by documents from the Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation, which assess the sentiments and plans of the Western allies towards the USSR. Most of the documents are published for the first time. Each documentary section of the collection is preceded by an introductory chapter describing this stage and the main trends in its perception in the West, as well as a brief overview of the most significant documents. This publication is intended for students, teachers, scientists and everyone interested in the history of the Great Patriotic and World War II.