The Luwian language, as well as the Hittite language, was written in the second millennium BC. e. in the kingdom of Hattusa, often called the Hittite kingdom and located in the territories of modern Turkey and northern Syria. In this case, two different writing systems were used - cuneiform of Mesopotamian origin and Anatolian hieroglyphs. But why use the Luwian language in the presence of a more developed Hittite written tradition? And how to localize speakers of the Luwian language, about whom there is little direct historical evidence? To answer these questions, this monograph uses analysis methods that reflect the latest achievements of contact linguistics. The book can be recommended to specialists in language contacts, comparative historical linguists, philologists and ethnographers, as well as everyone interested in the history of the ancient East.