The reference book is the first in the domestic literature on a variety of mycology issues. It provides a general description and taxonomy of mushrooms, describes the principles of botanical nomenclature and its application. The issues of ecology, biology, distribution of mushrooms are considered. The nutritional value of mushrooms and mushroom poisons are characterized. The most important issues of theory and practice of industrial cultivation of edible mushrooms, production and storage of sowing mycelium are covered.