The monograph explores the issues of: chronology and localization of the Dvina land, Zavolochye as part of medieval Novgorod; periodization of the history of the Russian North; modern pomorrhea, the functioning of the Solovetsky administrative-patrimonial district. The protection of Novgorod possessions from foreign expansion (Vikings, northern crusades), land exploration, Dvinsky time of troubles 1397-1401, campaigns of Novgorod ushkuniki, dynamics of Dvinsky city affairs: from the Mikhailo-Arkhangelsk monastery to the construction of a military fortress and seaport are shown.