The second edition of Biosensors Nanotechnology comprises 20 chapters and discusses a wide range of applications exploited by biosensors based on nanoparticles including new domains of bionics, power production and computing. The biosensor industry began as a small, niche activity in the 1980s and has since developed into a large, global industry. Nanomaterials have substantially improved not only non-pharmaceutical and healthcare uses, but also telecommunications, paper, and textile manufacturing. Biological sensing assists in the understanding of living systems and is used in a variety of sectors, including medicine, drug discovery, process control, environmental monitoring, food safety, military and personal protection. It allows for new opportunities in bionics, power generation and computing, all of which will benefit from a greater understanding of the bio-electronic relationship, as advances in communications and computational modeling enable us to reconsider how healthcare is offered and R&D and manufacturing are enhanced. A field effect transistor (FET) is a device found in solid state in which the electroconductivity of the semiconductor placed between the source and drain terminals is regulated by a third electrode gate and an insulator.