The monograph studies the influence of the Samara diocese on the spiritual life of the Samara province in the context of the political, economic, ethnic and cultural processes that took place in the region, and also analyzes the significance rendered by hierarchs, clergy and laity, monasteries, churches and spiritual and educational institutions of the Samara diocese on the cultural and moral potential of the region in the second half of XIX - the beginning of the XXI century. The practical significance of the work is determined by the possibilities of using the research results obtained in solving problems of spiritual and moral education of society, in teaching the history of the region, in the development of special courses.