The monograph prepared by the Center for Problem Analysis and Public-Management Design (supervisor - Doctor of Political Sciences V.I. Yakunin) solves the problems of the relationship between wages, their motivation and productivity in the context of macroeconomic and demographic responsibility of the state. Diagnostics of the current state of these institutions in Russia was carried out. Their critical imbalance was revealed, leading, along with monetarist policies, to actual economic stagnation. To change the current situation, public management solutions and relevant regulatory legal initiatives are proposed. The performance of the proposed solutions is tested on the basis of mathematical models.