The textbook materials are the result of many years of studying the problems of low-level programming languages ​ ​ and are aimed at mastering the key characteristics and technical features of microprocessors and microelectronic technology and components in general. Despite the fact that insufficient attention has been paid to modern microelectronics and circuitry in recent years, the authors consider this area of ​ ​ knowledge to be one of the most important in the context of a new technological breakthrough. Modern microelectronics is developing along the path of microminiaturization and increasing the degree of integration of microelectronic products: integrated circuits, microassemblies, semiconductor and hybrid large and ultra-large integrated circuits.