The monograph reveals the issues of periodization, chronology and stratigraphy of Neolithic complexes - the early metal of the forest-steppe and southern taiga spaces of the Tobolo-Ishim interfluve. The problems of studying these issues from the end of the XIX century. to the present. Based on the materials of previous researchers and newly studied complexes, a new scheme for the development of archaeological cultures is proposed against the background of changes in landscape and climatic conditions from the Neolithic era to the arrival of Andronovo pastoralists in this territory. The dynamics of development and change of ornamental traditions, the model of development and periodization of Neolithic cultures - the pre-Andron bronze Tobolo-Ishimya are considered.