scientific and documentary publication is devoted to the case of the Union for the Liberation of Ukraine, the trial in which took place in the spring of 1930 and became one of the first inspired political processes of the Stalinist era. For what purpose was this case organized? Why did the defendants, to whom many famous Ukrainian intellectuals belonged, admit unfounded accusations against them? How did their fate develop in the future, as well as the fate of the "directors" from the GPU who led the process? These and other questions are answered by the authors of the publication, who managed to find previously unknown archival documents.