The collection of articles presents the results of the latest research of a number of historians of the Urals, Siberia and Japan, studying the Stalinist era and the period preceding it. The publication includes articles on topical and little-studied areas of Soviet state policy, their specific manifestations in Siberia and the Urals. Some articles summarize or develop already known provisions, another part touches on a set of new problems. A significant array of new empirical data characterizing the era of the 20s - 50s is being introduced into scientific circulation. The publication is intended for specialists in the history of Soviet Russia.