The monograph examines the diplomatic history of Franco-Turkish relations, gives a critical analysis of the Middle East policy of the French colonial circles and the national policy of the Kemalists. Much place is given to the events in Cilicia, the fate of its Armenian population, the heroic self-defense of Armenians in Hajin, Zeitun, Aintab and other cities. The book introduces new archival materials into scientific circulation, as well as documentary sources published in foreign languages. Designed for specialists and all those who are interested in the history of Armenia and Turkey.