The authors of the book are world-famous outstanding Chilean neuroscientists who proposed in the early seventies of the 20th century a radical new concept of living systems (from protozoa to humans), their origin and relationships. Written vividly and interestingly, with brilliant pedagogical skill, the book "The Tree of Knowledge" makes the reader a participant in the formation of a new interdisciplinary scientific paradigm, introduces him to new views on language and its role in evolution and human communication.