The brochure is popular, taking into account the latest data of science in the field of archeology, it tells about the most important archaeological sites located in the Kanevsky Dnieper region, within the modern Kanevsky district of Cherkasy region, partly Pereyaslav-Khmelnitsky district of Kyiv region, and Korsun-Shevchenkovsky district of Cherkasy region. Based on the analysis of monuments of the Stone, Bronze and Early Iron Ages, as well as the early Slavic period and the era of Kievan Rus, the distant past of Kanevshchina is illuminated.