Modern ideas about stoichiometry, thermochemistry, ergochemistry, the basics of chemical kinetics and the beginning of the doctrine of the structure of atoms of molecules, liquids, crystals and compounds with nonvalent bonds in the light of the fundamental laws of natural science: conservation of mass-energy, conservation of charge and periodic law of elements D. I. Mendeleev. Much attention is paid to the issues of thermodynamics and stoichiometry. The theoretical course of the basics of general chemistry is supported by the solution of practical problems.