The monograph introduces into the circle of research problems of comparing Chinese and Russian cultures. In the context of the analysis of social problems of China and Russia of the 19th century in artistic texts of culture (on the works of painting "Haishan School" and "Association of Wanderers"). Attention is paid to the peculiarity of reproducing the social problems of China and Russia of the 19th century, depicted in the artistic texts of the culture of the creative heritage of the Chinese "Haishan School" and the Russian "Association of Wanderers."