It is no coincidence that this book, which reveals the logic of dialectics, is dedicated to the anniversary of the great German philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831). In his solution to the problem of theoretically justified presentation of dialectics, the author directly relies on the experience of its presentation in Hegel's Logic, using the method of ascent from abstract to concrete discovered by him and then rethought by K. Marx. Of particular importance in the book is the disclosure of the origins of the dialectical understanding of being and thinking, the idea of ​ ​ the unity of the world and the dialectic of the universal and separate. The book consists of two parts, including three sections. In the first section, the dialectic of the universal and the separate is revealed at the level of natural being; an in-depth analysis of general laws and categories of dialectics, equally valid in nature, in society, and in thinking, was carried out. The second section analyzes the attitude towards the universal person, considered as an individual subject, and the third section, from the point of view of the universal, sets out the philosophical understanding of society and man in their integral being. The presentation is designed both for a qualified reader (philosopher specialists) and for scientific youth: students and graduate students.