It presents material covering the development of the world historical and philosophical process from the philosophy of the Ancient World to the present day. The book includes the philosophy of the Ancient East, European philosophy, Russian philosophy and philosophy of the 20th-21st centuries (pragmatism, phenomenology, existentialism, hermeneutics, positivism, neo-Marxism, philosophical anthropology of the 20th century, analytical philosophy). The reader will also be able to get acquainted with the philosophy of Japan, African and Latin American philosophy, philosophical aspects of psychoanalysis.