Fundamentals of ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys based on them are presented. Fundamental provisions of theory and technology of heat treatment of steels, cast irons, non-ferrous metals and alloys are considered. Basic regularities of formation of structure and properties of all groups of industrial steels and alloys, amorphous and radiation-resistant alloys, non-metallic materials based on polymers, ceramic and composite materials are given. Recommendations for their use are given. A separate section is devoted to metal and non-metal coatings in mechanical engineering. Processes of corrosion, formation and change of structure and properties of alloys at normal temperatures and in conditions of climatic cold are described, evaluation of structural strength of metals and ways of its increase are considered, methodology and principles of materials selection for specific parts and products are described.