The book is devoted to the activities of Japanese military intelligence against the Soviet Union in 1922-1945. It was written on the basis of a comparative analysis of documents from the archives of Russia, Japan, Great Britain, the USA and Poland with the involvement of research in Russian, Ukrainian, Polish, English, German and Japanese. All documentary materials are put into circulation for the first time. The work assesses the effectiveness of the activities of Japanese military intelligence and domestic counterintelligence, traces the influence of information from special bodies of the two countries on the adoption of the most important decisions in the field of foreign policy and defense. Primary attention is paid to the periods of military conflicts between the USSR and Japan on Hassan (1938), Khalkhin Gol (1939), the events of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) and the Soviet-Japanese War (1945) in the context of Japanese intelligence.