In the fall of 1983, Michel Foucault gives a series of six lectures at the University of California at Berkeley entitled "Speech and Truth," first presented in this book as a full critical edition. These lectures clearly show the richness of the concept of parrecia and its strategic role in Foucault's ethical and political reflections. In particular, Foucault explores the transformations of this concept in the ancient world: parresia, which was originally the political right of an Athenian citizen, in Socrates becomes one of the main features of philosophical speech, and then, in cynics and in philosophical life in general, to the extent that it can be provocative and even scandalous; finally, in the first centuries of the Roman Empire, parresia turns into the foundation of the relationship between teacher and student in the culture of the self. While analyzing parrecia, Foucault at the same time develops his own project of the history of the present and marks the milestones of the genealogy of the critical attitude inherent in modernity and the New Age. This publication also publishes a transcript of a lecture given by Michel Foucault in May 1982 at the University of Grenoble to specialists in ancient philosophy, it represents an earlier and somewhat different stage in his thoughts on parrecia.