Textbook for universities in the specialty "Technique and Physics of Low Temperatures." The textbook outlines the theoretical foundations of working processes in cryogenic machines: piston and turbine expanders, gas machines, low-temperature superchargers and pumps. Algorithms and programs of structural and thermal calculations of these machines, as well as algorithms and programs simulating working processes in these machines are considered. Information on the design of machines and their units is given, and information required during operation of these machines is given.