The publication in a form concentrated in the most important areas of research presents information on the results of the most significant works on experimental and clinical cardiology published in the USSR in 1978. A feature of the book is that articles placed in domestic scientific journals are given not only abstracts, but also comments from leading scientists - specialists in the relevant field of cardiological science. The book contains materials on the general physiology and pathology of blood circulation, research methods and diagnostics of the cardiovascular system. A large place is occupied by data on studies in the field of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, as well as arterial hypertension. The results of work on the study and treatment of myocardial diseases and heart failure are discussed. In the sections "Heart defects," "Heart rhythm disorders," "Vascular diseases," "Thrombosis and embolism," along with information on the methods and results of drug treatment, data on the surgical treatment of these diseases are presented. The book is designed for specialists involved in cardiology and cardiovascular surgery.