Continuing to build "socialism with Chinese characteristics," the PRC in the current decade - despite a deep structural restructuring of the economy and serious external challenges - has become the first country in the world in terms of total GDP, industrial production, foreign trade turnover and many other economic indicators. What are the real sources and subjects of this "Chinese miracle"? According to the deep conviction of the author of this monograph, based on indisputable facts and fundamental calculations, the role of the most important driver of China's successful overall development is played by a very tightly regulated state-owned private national business. Its place in the country's economic policy, parameters of economic growth, structural priorities, a common role in the economy, problems and development prospects - these and related issues are considered in the presented book, the relevance of which, according to the author, is indisputable for modern Russia, which is in search of optimal models regulation of its small and medium, as well as the rational transformation of large corporate entrepreneurship.