The monograph examines Soviet-Chinese relations during the period when the Chinese people were subjected to aggression by Japan. On the basis of fresh and interesting material, the book shows the assistance of the USSR to China in the fight against the aggressor, reveals the significance of the decisive victories of the Soviet Armed Forces on the Soviet-German and Soviet-Japanese fronts and their influence on the outcome of the struggle of the Chinese people for struggle and independence. Summary of chapters: China's international and domestic situation. Soviet-Chinese relations at the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War. International situation in the Far East. Situation on the fronts of the Sino-Japanese War. Organization of Soviet aid to China in the early years of the Sino-Japanese War (1937-1941).