The publication presents documents and materials reflecting the complex problem of the relationship between society and power in the Soviet era. A large number of archival sources are introduced into scientific circulation, previously inaccessible to researchers and not published anywhere. The scientific significance of this publication is due to the fact that an array of unique documents reflecting the main processes of socio-economic and political development of the country and the specifics of the region has been deposited in the archives of the Perm Territory (as well as the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions). The first volume presents documents covering the period from 1917 to 1940.