This collective monograph written within the framework of the project "Culturally Complex Societies in the Caucasus and Central Asia" (hand. A.K. Alikberov) fundamental research programs of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences "Culturally complex societies: understanding and management" (hand. Academy V.A. Tishkov), develops a promising direction of communication research, expanding the space of the emerging scientific discipline - the history of communications.