In the essay offered to readers, the famous Soviet historian P.A. Golub, on the basis of many previously unknown and little-known documents taken mainly from the archives of the Don White Cossacks, covers many new important moments of the revolution and the Civil War on the Cossack Don. He deeply analyzes the notorious question of "telling" the Cossacks, restores the truth of history on this issue, debunks the Pharisee falsifications against the policy of the Soviet government in relation to the labor Cossacks.