The second volume of the "Archeology of the Volga-Urals" is devoted to the Eneolithic and the Bronze Age of the region. The era of early metals, which began with the first attempts to develop copper metallurgy in the 5th millennium BC. e. led to the appearance of the first metal products in the Volga-Urals, but did not supplant stone tools. In the south of the region, collectives arise, moving from the appropriating economy to the producer, cattle breeding appears. The spread of bronze, an alloy of copper with arsenic, tin and other metals, begins in the region in the III millennium BC. e.