Pavel Borisovich [Pinkhus-Borukh Ioselevich] Axelrod (1849 or 1850, Pochep, Mglinsky district, Chernigov province - April 16, 1928, Berlin) - Russian Social Democrat. In the 1870s - populist, member of the "Earth and Will" (1876-1879), after its split - black man. In 1883-1903, a member of the Marxist group "Liberation of Labor." Since 1900, one of the editors of the newspapers Iskra and Zarya. Subsequently, he was one of the leaders of the Menshevik party, the ideologist of the Menshevik movement. He wrote a number of works promoting Marxism. The collection includes articles from 1899-1902, i.e. the period before the II Congress of R.S.-D.R.P. when Axelrod was considered in the "solid" Marxists.