Studies in recent years have shown that plant roots not only absorb water and minerals from the soil and transmit them to the aerial organs of plants, but also perform other important functions. It turned out that complex synthetic processes occur in the roots of plants, as in leaves, and organic substances are produced that build the plant and stimulate its growth. The task of the present work is to acquaint the agronomist with the latest data on root science, to equip him with a deeper knowledge of the vital activity of the root system, so that he can effectively apply them in practice.