The author of this manual aims to share his experience in the practical construction of an astronomy course in the X grade on the basis of the current program and the textbook of Professor Vorontsov-Velyaminov B. A. Razof course, the author does not claim either the obligation of his judgments and advice, or the completeness of coverage and analysis of questions of interest to astronomy teachers. This is exactly and only advice. In some cases, being constrained by the volume of the book, the author considered it possible to limit himself to references to existing teaching aids or simply left without consideration certain issues, for example, issues that go beyond the practical needs of teachers. It must be assumed that the tirelessly working creative thought of dedicated teachers will soon correct the shortcomings of teaching astronomy, and their initiative and experience will help raise the level of teaching this subject in high school.