The textbook, instead of the traditional method of transferring a given amount of knowledge, offers a way to independently acquire it in the context of a free choice of material. Figures, dates, clean, quantitative indicators are minimized. Entertaining, bright, easy-to-remember excursions are widely used, connecting deep antiquity with the modern life of the Kazakh people, peoples who are ancient in this land, and related peoples of Central Asia, the Volga region, Siberia.